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193 lines
7.5 KiB
Markdown
193 lines
7.5 KiB
Markdown
# Validator Guide
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This is an updated guide on setting up a mainnet validator. Note that this is a minimal guide and does not cover more advanced topics like [sentry node architecture](https://github.com/stakefish/cosmos-validator-design) and [double signing protection](https://github.com/tendermint/tmkms). It is strongly recommended that any parties considering validating do additional research. If you have questions, please join the active conversation in the #validators thread of our [__Discord Channel__](https://discord.com/invite/kQzh3Uv).
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## Installing Kava
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### Prerequisites
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You should select an all-purpose server with at least 8GB of RAM, good connectivity, and a solid state drive with sufficient disk space. Storage requirements are discussed further in the section below. In addition, you’ll need to open **port 26656** to connect to the Kava peer-to-peer network. As the usage of the blockchain grows, the server requirements may increase as well, so you should have a plan for updating your server as well.
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### Storage
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The monthly storage requirements for a node are as follows. These are estimated values based on experience, but should serve as a good guide.
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- An archival node (`pruning = "nothing"`) grows at a rate of ~100 GB per month
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- A fully pruning node (`pruning = "everything"`) grows at a rate of ~5 GB per month
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- A default pruning node (`pruning = “default”`) grows at a rate of ~25 GB per month
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## Install Go
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Kava is built using Go and requires Go version 1.13+. In this example, you will be installing Go on a fresh install of ubuntu 18.04.
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```bash
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# Update ubuntu
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sudo apt update
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sudo apt upgrade -y
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# Install packages necessary to run go and jq for pretty formatting command line outputs
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sudo apt install build-essential jq -y
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# Install go
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wget https://dl.google.com/go/go1.17.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz (or latest version at https://golang.org/dl/)
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sudo tar -xvf go1.17.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz
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sudo mv go /usr/local
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# Updates environmental variables to include go
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cat <<EOF>> ~/.profile
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export GOROOT=/usr/local/go
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export GOPATH=$HOME/go
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export GO111MODULE=on
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export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/go/bin:$HOME/go/bin
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EOF
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source ~/.profile
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```
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To verify that Go is installed:
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```bash
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go version
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# Should return go version go1.15.14 linux/amd64
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```
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## Install Kava
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Install Kava using `git clone`. Note that version 0.15.1 is the correct version for mainnet.
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```bash
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git clone https://github.com/kava-labs/kava
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cd kava
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git checkout v0.15.1
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make install
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```
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To verify that kava is installed:
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```bash
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kvd version --long
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# name: kava
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# server_name: kvd
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# client_name: kvcli
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# version: 0.15.1
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# commit: f0c90f0cbf96d230a83cd2309b8fd032e52d7fb933881541472df1bf2703a939
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# build_tags: netgo,ledger
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# go: go version go1.15.14 linux/amd64
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```
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## Configuring Your Node
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Next, download the correct genesis file and sync your node with the Kava mainnet. To download the genesis file:
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```bash
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# First, initialize kvd. Replace <name> with the public name of your node
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kvd init --chain-id kava-8 <name>
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# Download the genesis file
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wget https://kava-genesis-files.s3.amazonaws.com/kava-8-genesis-migrated-from-block-1878508.json -O ~/.kvd/config/genesis.json
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# Verify genesis hash
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jq -S -c -M '' $HOME/.kvd/config/genesis.json | shasum -a 256
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# f0c90f0cbf96d230a83cd2309b8fd032e52d7fb933881541472df1bf2703a939
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```
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Next, adjust some configurations. To open the config file:
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```bash
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vim $HOME/.kvd/config/config.toml
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```
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At line 160, add [seeds](https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1TWsD2lMi1idkPI6W9xFCn5W64x75yn9PDjvQaJVkIRk/edit?usp=sharing). These are used to connect to the peer-to-peer network:
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At line 163, add some [persistent peers](https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1TWsD2lMi1idkPI6W9xFCn5W64x75yn9PDjvQaJVkIRk/edit?usp=sharing), which help maintain a connection to the peer-to-peer network
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Next, chose how much historical state you want to store. To open the application config file:
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```bash
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vim $HOME/.kvd/config/app.toml
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```
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In this file, choose between `default`, `nothing`, and `everything`. To reduce hard drive storage, choose `everything` or `default`. To run an archival node, chose `nothing`.
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```bash
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pruning = "default"
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```
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In the same file, you will want to set minimum gas prices — setting a minimum prevents spam transactions:
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```bash
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minimum-gas-prices = "0.001ukava"
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```
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### Syncing Your Node
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To sync your node, you will use systemd, which manages the Kava daemon and automatically restarts it in case of failure. To use systemd, you will create a service file. Be sure to replace `<your_user>` with the user on your server:
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```bash
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sudo tee /etc/systemd/system/kvd.service > /dev/null <<'EOF'
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[Unit]
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Description=Kava daemon
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After=network-online.target
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[Service]
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User=<your_user>
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ExecStart=/home/<your_user>/go/bin/kvd start
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Restart=on-failure
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RestartSec=3
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LimitNOFILE=4096
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[Install]
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WantedBy=multi-user.target
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EOF
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```
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To start syncing:
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```bash
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# Start the node
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sudo systemctl enable kvd
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sudo systemctl start kvd
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```
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To check on the status of syncing:
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```bash
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kvcli status --output json | jq '.sync_info'
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```
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This will give output like:
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```bash
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{
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"latest_block_hash": "21D7E37A0A5992E1992DD43E42C05E4475A6E212694F746ABEE132267067847D",
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"latest_app_hash": "FBE0E799BCCA57F12F781252787BD6340782E5D45E591294D01269F481B128AC",
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"latest_block_height": "183566",
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"latest_block_time": "2021-03-22T17:21:41.848445277Z",
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"earliest_block_hash": "09E688467E5016159D74CEDE2EE870D671CAA772F76E6697AEEB685A398ACB08",
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"earliest_app_hash": "",
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"earliest_block_height": "1",
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"earliest_block_time": "2021-03-05T06:00:00Z",
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"catching_up": false
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}
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```
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The main thing to watch is that the block height is increasing. Once you are caught up with the chain, `catching_up` will become false. At that point, you can start using your node to create a validator. If you need to sync using a snapshot, please use https://kava.quicksync.io/
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To check the logs of the node:
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```bash
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sudo journalctl -u kvd -f
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```
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## Creating a Validator
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First, create a wallet, which will give you a private key / public key pair for your node.
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```bash
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# Replace <your-key-name> with a name for your key that you will remember
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kvcli keys add <your-key-name>
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# To see a list of wallets on your node
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kvcli keys list
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```
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**Be sure to write down the mnemonic for your wallet and store it securely. Losing your mnemonic could result in the irrecoverable loss of KAVA tokens.**
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To see the options when creating a validator:
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```bash
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kvcli tx staking create-validator -h
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```
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An example of creating a validator with 50KAVA self-delegation and 10% commission:
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```bash
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# Replace <key_name> with the key you created previously
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kvcli tx staking create-validator \
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--amount=50000000ukava \
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--pubkey=$(kvd tendermint show-validator) \
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--moniker="choose moniker" \
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--website="optional website for your validator"
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--details="optional details for your validator"
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--commission-rate="0.10" \
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--commission-max-rate="0.20" \
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--commission-max-change-rate="0.01" \
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--min-self-delegation="1" \
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--from=<key_name> \
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--chain-id=kava-8 \
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--gas=auto
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--gas-adjustment=1.4
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```
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To check on the status of your validator:
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```bash
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kvcli status --output json | jq '.validator_info'
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```
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After you have completed this guide, your validator should be up and ready to receive delegations. Note that only the top 100 validators by weighted stake (self-delegations + other delegations) are eligible for block rewards. To view the current validator list, checkout one of the Kava block explorers:
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- https://www.mintscan.io/kava
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- https://kava.bigdipper.live/
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- https://kavascan.com/
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If you have questions, please join the active conversation in the #validators thread of the [__Kava Discord Channel__](https://discord.com/invite/kQzh3Uv).
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